Hotshot firefighters in Idaho take on a wildfire.

KARI GREER/US FOREST SERVICE

Battling Blazes

Firefighters called hotshots battle wildfires by getting up close to the flames.

Wildfires are some of Earth’s most destructive forces. They start in wilderness areas but can spread quickly to towns and cities nearby.

COURTESY OF PAT MOORE

Pat Moore is the leader of a team of 20 hotshots.

This year has already been a bad one for wildfires. By mid-June, they had burned an area of land the size of about 90,000 football fields in Arizona alone. Fire officials expected the situation to get even worse in the late summer.

Luckily, specially trained firefighters are on the case. They’re called hotshots. They get up close to deadly wildfires and put out the flames.

“We’re going to the hottest, deepest, nastiest parts of the fire,” says Pat Moore. He is the leader of a team of 20 hotshots in Mesa, Arizona. Their crew is one of about 100 hotshot teams in the United States.

The Heat Is On

Jim McMahon/MapMan®

What is making this such a “hot” year for wildfires? One big cause is a serious drought in California, Arizona, and other western states. A drought is a long period with much less rainfall than normal. Dried branches, shrubs, and leaves become the perfect fuel for wildfires. Then all it takes to ignite a blaze is lightning or a careless person who doesn’t put out a campfire the right way.

Into the Fire

Fighting a wildfire is a lot different from fighting a fire that starts in a building. Wildfires often burn through remote areas that fire trucks can’t reach. To tame the flames, planes or helicopters drop water or chemicals on them.

Meanwhile, hotshots are hard at work on the ground. Their job is to contain the fire, or stop it from spreading. They use chain saws, shovels, and other tools. Hotshots remove anything that could fuel the flames. Some hotshots cut up trees and large logs. Then others remove the wood and dig deep trenches around the fire so it has nowhere to go. Hotshots may spend weeks fighting a wildfire.

Dealing with extreme heat and thick smoke is a big part of the job. “You feel like you’re on the surface of the sun,” says Moore. “Your eyes are watering, your nose is running, and you’re coughing all the time.”    

Danger Zone

Hotshots have one of the world’s most dangerous jobs. At any second, the wind can change a fire’s speed and direction—and block escape routes. Despite the danger, Moore insists that he never gets scared on the job.

“We have a tremendous amount of respect for the forces we’re dealing with,” he says. “As long as we’re doing things the right way, fear isn’t a factor.”

NICK UT/AP PHOTO

A helicopter drops water on a wildfire in California.

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