A sunken sailing ship rests on the ocean floor, surrounded by coral and dim blue light

Illustration by Randy Pollak; Shutterstock.com (paper, background) 

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The Search for Pirate Ships

Researchers have discovered shipwrecks that may have belonged to famous pirates.

Henry Avery was once one of the most feared men on the high seas. The English pirate robbed so many ships in the late 1600s that he became known as the Pirate King.

In one of Avery’s biggest raids, he and his crew captured a ship near India. They stole gold, silver, and jewels that would be worth millions of dollars today. Then they fled thousands of miles to the Bahamas, a cluster of islands in the Atlantic Ocean.

But officials were searching for Avery. He had his ship, the Fancy, set on fire. Then he disappeared with his treasure. Avery and his ship were never seen again.

More than 300 years later, divers are exploring the waters Avery once sailed. But instead of searching for treasure, they’re looking for clues. In late 2025, researchers discovered six shipwrecks near Nassau, the capital of the Bahamas. One may be the remains of the Fancy.

What will these discoveries reveal about pirates?

Henry Avery was an English pirate in the late 1600s. He was one of the most feared men on the high seas. He robbed so many ships that he was known as the Pirate King.

In one of Avery’s biggest raids, his crew took over a ship near India. They stole gold, silver, and jewels. The treasure would be worth millions of dollars today. Then they fled thousands of miles to the Bahamas. That’s a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean.

But officials were looking for Avery. On a dark night, he set his ship on fire. It was called the Fancy. Then he left with his treasure. Avery and his ship were never seen again.

More than 300 years later, divers are exploring the waters Avery once sailed. But they’re not looking for treasure. They’re looking for clues. In late 2025, researchers found six shipwrecks near Nassau. That’s the capital of the Bahamas. One may be the remains of the Fancy.

What will these discoveries tell us about pirates?

Pirates: True or Untrue?
Watch a video to separate fact from fiction.

Battles at Sea

When you think of a pirate, you might imagine a fictional character wearing an eye patch. But pirates are real. From about 1650 to 1730, thousands of them sailed the seas. This era is now known as the Golden Age of Piracy. 

During that time, England and Spain competed for land and wealth in the Americas. There were many battles at sea. England’s military hired people called privateers to attack enemy ships.

But for the sailors in the British military, conditions on ships were poor. And the pay was low. Many sailors broke away and became pirates. They attacked ships and stole treasures. The Bahamas became a pirate hideout (see “A Pirate Hot Spot”).

When you think of a pirate, you might think of a made-up character with an eye patch. But pirates are real. From about 1650 to 1730, thousands sailed the seas. These years are called the Golden Age of Piracy. 

During that time, England and Spain fought for land in the Americas. There were many battles at sea. England’s military hired people called privateers. Their job was to attack enemy ships.

But for these sailors, conditions on ships were poor. And the pay was low. Many sailors broke away from the British military. They became pirates. They attacked ships and stole treasures. The Bahamas became a pirate hideout (see “A Pirate Hot Spot”).

Sean Kingsley, © Wreckwatch TV 

A diver explores the wreck of what may have been the Fancy.

Underwater Clues 

So researchers knew Nassau was a good place to search for pirate ships. They studied old maps and records of the area.

Then they went underwater. Divers found cannons and other weapons. They also discovered everyday objects, like glass bottles, crates, and clay tobacco pipes. 

But the biggest discovery is a wreck the team believes is Avery’s ship. It matches the age and size of the Fancy. And it was found near the ship’s last known location. It also showed signs of having been burned.

“We’re still collecting clues,” says archaeologist Michael Pateman. He helped lead the 2025 exploration. “But we do suspect it’s the Fancy.”

Researchers knew Nassau was a good place to look for pirate ships. They studied old maps and records of the area.

Then they went underwater. Divers found weapons, like cannons. They also found everyday objects. These included glass bottles, crates, and clay tobacco pipes. 

But the biggest find is a wreck that might be Avery’s ship. It matches the age and size of the Fancy. And it was found near the ship’s last known location. It also showed signs that it was burned.

“We’re still collecting clues,” says archaeologist Michael Pateman. He helped lead the 2025 search. “But we do suspect it’s the Fancy.”

More to Explore

Experts plan to test the wood from the ship to try to prove that Avery’s lost vessel has finally been found. Meanwhile, Pateman and his team will keep searching around Nassau. 

“I believe we will find even more wrecks,” Pateman says. “The pirate history of the Bahamas is just so rich.”

Experts plan to test the wood from the ship. That could help prove that the ship is Avery’s lost vessel. Meanwhile, Pateman and his team will keep searching around Nassau. 

“I believe we will find even more wrecks,” Pateman says. “The pirate history of the Bahamas is just so rich.” 

A Pirate Hot Spot 

Why did hundreds of pirates end up in the Bahamas? Many ships passed through the area, carrying goods between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. That gave pirates plenty of targets. And the Bahamas are made up of hundreds of islands, so pirates had a lot of hiding spots!

Plus, pirates bought supplies from merchants in Nassau. And merchants bought goods from pirates. So officials sometimes ignored the pirates’ crimes.

Why did hundreds of pirates end up in the Bahamas? Many ships passed through the area, carrying goods between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. That gave pirates plenty of targets. And the Bahamas are made up of hundreds of islands, so pirates had a lot of hiding spots!

Plus, pirates bought supplies from merchants in Nassau. And merchants bought goods from pirates. So officials sometimes ignored the pirates’ crimes.

Jim McMahon/Mapman®

1. Why did some sailors leave the English military to become pirates?

2. Why do researchers believe the wreck they found may be Henry Avery’s ship, the Fancy?

3. What is the main idea of the sidebar, “A Pirate Hot Spot”?

1. Why did some sailors leave the English military to become pirates?

2. Why do researchers believe the wreck they found may be Henry Avery’s ship, the Fancy?

3. What is the main idea of the sidebar, “A Pirate Hot Spot”?

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